PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE (2001-present)

Pittsburgh, PA

Associate Editor/Foreign Editor

The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette is the city’s top newspaper, weekday circulation of 250,000; 440,000, Sunday. Member of the Editorial Board and Associate Editor, specializing in international, economic and national political matters. Same position at Toledo Blade, Toledo, Ohio.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE (1966-2001)

Washington, DC

ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE (OSCE) (2000-2001)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Regional Director

Responsible for OSCE activities including the 2000 elections, human rights projects, democratization, and governance programs, on secondment from the Department of State.

NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY (1998-2000)

Washington, DC

Vice President

NDU’s 15 elements include the National War College, the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, and the Institute of National Strategic Studies (INSS). The 2000 budget was $70 million with 190 faculty and 5,415 students. Principal deputy to the President, in direct charge of half of NDU’s programs. Chaired the Board of the $10-million National Security Education Program (NSEP); Board Member of the U.S. Institute of Peace.

AMERICAN EMBASSY(1995-1998)

Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (ex-Zaire)

U.S. Ambassador

Staff of 51 Americans representing 7 U.S. government agencies, and 170 Congolese; responsible for the safety of 1,200 resident Americans. Shepherded U.S. relations, without loss of American life, through the 1996-97 violent transition.

AMERICAN EMBASSY (1994—1995)

Mogadishu, Somalia

U.S. Ambassador and Special Envoy

Wartime embassy in Mogadishu staffed by 80 Americans from five U.S. government agencies. Responsible for the safety of 400 Americans and oversight of $250 million in annual U.S. contributions to the U.N. effort in Somalia.

U.S. ARMY WAR COLLEGE (1993—1994)

Carlisle, PA

Deputy Commandant for International Affairs

Senior civilian deputy to the Commandant. Responsible for international affairs elements in all programs. Student body of 1,200 Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine officers included senior foreign officers from many countries. Member of the Academic Board and the Command Group.

AMERICAN EMBASSY (1990—1992)

Bangui, Central African Republic

U.S. Ambassador

Staff of 21 Americans, representing 6 U.S. government agencies, and a Peace Corps program of 100 Volunteers. Assigned to bring democracy to the country after 30 years without free elections. New President democratically elected in 1992, succeeding a military dictator.

AMERICAN EMBASSY (1987—1989)

Beirut, Lebanon

Deputy Chief of Mission/Charge d’Affaires, a.i.

Deputy Chief of Mission of the wartime embassy. American staff numbered 50, with 500 Lebanese employees. Worked to bring political reconciliation and peace to Lebanon, particularly during the 1988 presidential elections. Sought release of American hostages.

Deputy Chief of Mission, American Embassy, Kinshasa, Zaire (1986-1987)

Deputy Chief of Mission, American Embassy, Reykjavik, Iceland (1984-1985)

Director, Office of Southern African Affairs, Department of State, Washington, DC (1980-1984)

Principal Officer, American Consulate General, Lubumbashi, Zaire (1978-1980)

Chief, Political/Economic Section, American Embassy, Sofia, Bulgaria (1976-1978)

Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (1974-1975)

Country Officer for Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland, and Rhodesia (1973-1974)

Political Officer, American Embassy, Pretoria and Cape Town, South Africa (1970-1972)

Economic/Commercial, Political, and Consular Officer, (1968-1970)

American Embassy, Bujumbura, Burundi

Director, English Language Programs, U.S. Military Advisory and Assistance Group,

Libyan Army Military College, Benghazi, Libya (1964-65)

English teacher, Eghosa Anglican Secondary School, Benin City, Nigeria (1961-1963)

ADJUNCT FACULTY:

• Heinz Graduate School of Management
• Carnegie Mellon University

ORGANIZATIONS:

• Board Member
• The American Academy of Diplomacy
• Chairman, Chatham College Global Focus Advisory Board
• Advisory Board Member, University of Pittsburgh Center for International Studies
• Member, Advisory Board, Southwestern Pennsylvania Program for Deliberative Democracy
• Board Member, World Affairs Council of Pittsburgh
• Community Advisory Board Member, WQED Multimedia
• Adjunct Professor, Carnegie Mellon University Sen. John F. Heinz III School of Management and Public Policy

PUBLIC

• Howard University, Tufts’ Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy,

SPEAKING:

• Dickinson College
• University of Pittsburgh
• Carnegie Mellon University
• Duquesne University, Allegheny College
• Washington & Jefferson
• Pittsburgh Theological Seminary
• Rotary Clubs
• World Affairs Council
• Peace Links and other institutions

MEDIA:

• Regular appearances on TV and radio talk shows as well as Post-Gazette’s chat room.

Publications:

• “U.S. African Policy: Some Possible Course Adjustment”

contributions to Army War College quarterly, Parameters, countless editorials and columns for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette and Toledo Blade.

Education:

• Yale University, BA, 1961
• Graduate Certificate of African Studies, Northwestern University, 1973
• Harvard University Institute of Educational Management Program for university presidents and vice-presidents, 1999

Languages:

• French - fluent
• Bulgarian – once fluent, now rusty

Personal: Married to the former Elizabeth Earle Downer, 6 children.

• The first Bermuda Progressive Labour Party Premier
• The first elected female Premier of Bermuda
• The first Progressive Labour Party Minister of Education
• The first female Deputy Speaker of the House of Assembly
• The first Bermudian Vice Chairman of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA

The Honorable Dame Jennifer Meredith Smith is a 1971 graduate of The Art Institute of Pittsburgh who is a native Bermudan and after returning to Bermuda after graduating from Art Institute of Pittsburgh, she worked her way through the political arena to become the first female Premier in 1998 in a historic, highly-charged election representing a turning point in Bermuda’s political history.

In her tenure, former premier Smith emphasized finance, and Bermuda’s role in the global banking industry. As the offshore domicile of many foreign companies, she realized that Bermuda is central to the international business economy -- financial services, insurance and investment funds. Finance and international business are the largest sector of Bermuda's economy.

Her service to Bermuda and its people was recognised in the June 2005 Queen’s Birthday Honours when she was made a Dame Commander of the British Empire (DBE).

The letters DHumL behind her name stand for Doctor of Humane Letters and indicate the three Honourary Degrees which she has received from the Art Institute of Pittsburgh (her alma mater), Pittsburgh, USA; Morris Brown College, Atlanta Georgia, USA; and Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dame Jennifer is the recipient of many other awards, including “The Woman of Great Esteem” award from Q-Kingdom Ministries New York, USA; and a special award from the National Congress of Black Women, Inc. Washington, D. C. USA.

Currently in her second term as Deputy Speaker, Dame Jennifer serves as Chairman of the House and Grounds Committee, the Private Bills Committee and the Committee of Chairman. In addition, she is Chair of the Bermuda Parole Board, the Stamp Design Advisory Board, the Historic Wrecks Advisory Board and Government Employees Health Insurance (GEHI) scheme.

Education:

• Duke University - A.B. - 1948
• Duke University - M.A. – 1955
• University of California-Los Angeles - Ph.D. – 1958

Areas of Expertise:

• Economics
• Political Economy

Teaching and Research Interests:

The history of U.S. monetary policy, size of government, macroeconomics, international financial reform. Founder and chairman of the Shadow Open Market Committee. Has served as a consultant on economic policy for the Congress, U.S. Treasury, Federal Reserve, the World Bank and the U.S. and foreign governments. Chairman, International Financial Institution Advisory Commission, U.S. Congress, 1999-2000.

Published Papers:

• A Plan to Rebuild the Housing Market Financial Times, November 2008.
• Blueprint for an International Lender of Last Resort
• Journal of Monetary Economics 50, 2003. (With: Adam Lerrick)
• Grants: A Better to Deliver Aid Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress, 2002. (With: Adam Lerrick)
• Sovereign Default: The Private Sector can Resolve Bankruptcy without a Formal Court Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress, 2002. (With: Adam Lerrick)
• Beyond IMF Bailouts: Default without Disruption Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress, 2001. (With: Adam Lerrick)
• Report of the International Financial Institution Advisory Commission.

Working Papers:

• End of the 'American Century,' May, 2008.

Publications:

• A History of the Federal Reserve, Volume 2, 1951-1986, University of Chicago Press, (January, 2009).
• A History of the Federal Reserve, Volume 1, 1913-1951, University of Chicago Press, (January, 2002).
• Money and Income: Issues in Monetary Analysis, Cambridge University Press, (January, 1992). (With: K. Brunner)
• Political Economy, Oxford University Press, (January, 1991). (With: A. CukiermanS. Richard)
• "Money Supply Theory" in B. Friedman and F. Hahn (ed.) Handbook of Monetary Economics, North Holland, (January, 1991). (With: K. Brunner)
• Keynes's Monetary Theory: A Different Interpretation, Cambridge University Press, (January, 1988).

Awards:

• Distinguished Fellow, American Economic Association - 2002
• Lifetime Achievement, Money Marketeers, NYU - 1997
• Man of the Year in Finance, Pittsburgh - 1995
• Distinguished Professional Achievement, UCLA – 1983
• Fellow, National Association of Business Economists

Boards:

• Stillhalter Vision AG
• Sarah Scaife Foundation
• President's Council of Economic Advisors, 1988-1989
• Honorary Advisor, Bank of Japan, 1986-2002
• Cooper Tire & Rubber Company, 1980-98

Consulting:

• The World Bank
• Various Central Banks

Other Professional Activities:

• Economic Advisory Panel to the Congressional Budget Office (1995-2009)
• Economic Advisory to Federal Reserve Bank, New York (2009)

In addition to his first book, entitled The IMF and Economic Development (Cambridge University Press, March 2003), he has written an introductory text entitled The International Monetary Fund: Politics of Conditional Lending (Routledge, January 2007), and he co-edited Globalization and the Nation State: The Impact of the IMF and the World Bank (Routledge, 2006). He is currently working on a book project entitled The Political Economy of the United Nations Security Council. His research has appeared in International Organization, Journal of Conflict Resolution, European Economic Review Journal of Development Economics, Public Choice, World Development, International Political Science Review, Political Analysis, The Review of International Organizations, World Economics, and Foreign Policy Magazine. He is currently working on a new book entitled The Political Economy of the United Nations Security Council, which is under contract with Cambridge University Press.

He received his Ph.D. from New York University, served as assistant and associate professor of Political Science at Yale University, and has held visiting positions at the University of California, Los Angeles, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Switzerland, Bond University in Australia, the University of São Paulo in Brazil, and Korea University.

Vreeland's explanations for such policy outcomes address the ways in which international institutions interact with domestic politics, in particular the ways in which international actors can be used to do the dirty work of governments - how they can "launder" dirty politics - how they are used as scapegoats - in short, how international actors can be the "dark knight" in domestic politics (sometimes for better, sometimes for worse). The domestic institutions he has focused on include both democratic and dictatorial political regimes. His research is most known for its treatment of international institutions, particularly the International Monetary Fund, and more recently the World Bank and the United Nations.

In his first full term as United Steelworkers International President, Leo W. Gerard has launched a wide range of new initiatives that have brought more than 350,000 workers into the union's ranks — a sixty-percent increase.

In addition, the union has utilized strategic bargaining to secure tens of thousands of jobs throughout North America, strengthened workers' bargaining leverage by forging strategic alliances with unions across the globe, and advanced the USW's historic leadership in coalitions committed to protecting the health, safety, and environment of workers, their families and their communities.

Under Gerard's leadership, the USW has also won tariff relief that helped save the American steel industry, a Workers First law in Canada that gives workers top priority for consideration in corporate bankruptcies, and the landmark Westray Bill that makes corporations criminally liable when they kill or seriously injure their employees or members of the public.

The union's growth over the past four years includes mergers with the American Flint Glass Workers, the Industrial, Wood and Allied Workers of Canada (IWA), the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical and Energy Workers International Union (PACE), the Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees (Canada), and other smaller independent unions.

These mergers and the union's continuing commitment to organizing new members have made the new United Steelworkers (USW) — officially the United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union — the largest industrial union in North America and the dominant union in paper, forestry products, steel, aluminum, tire and rubber, mining, glass, chemicals, petroleum and other basic resource industries, in addition to a growing membership of more than 130,000 members in the service sector.

Gerard has also led the effort to restore the financial strength of the USW's Strike and Defense Fund, and launched a union-wide Building Power program designed to educate and mobilize the membership for continuing success in collective bargaining, expanded communications and organizing capabilities, and for renewed political activism to protect and improve the economic security and quality of life for workers, their families and their communities.

On Nov. 22, 2005, Gerard led a ticket of International Officers and District Directors that was elected without opposition to lead the new union for the next four years. It was the first time in the union's 63-year history that a slate of candidates won election unopposed.

The son of a union miner, Gerard started working at Inco's nickel smelter in Sudbury, Ontario at age 18. Inspired by a lifelong commitment to economic and social justice, Gerard rose through the ranks to become the first president of the new USW. Before being elected to his first full term by acclamation in 2001, Gerard had served as the Steelworkers' seventh international president, having been appointed to the presidency by the union's International Executive Board upon George Becker's retirement.

The second Canadian to occupy the USW's highest office, Gerard immediately embarked the union on a course of renewed activism, demanding — and winning — government action to halt an unprecedented flood of illegal steel imports and negotiating precedent-setting labor agreements that positioned the USW as the decisive force for a humane consolidation of the industry. Gerard also secured a prescription drug benefit for the retirees of liquidated steel companies, financed by hundreds of millions of dollars of VEBA contributions negotiated with the new companies.

Gerard has also exerted global leadership in demanding worldwide standards for workers in the tire, rubber, aluminum, mining and forestry products industries. In October 2002, he chaired the Second World Rubber Industries Conference in Sao Paulo, Brazil and serves as the Chair of the Rubber Sector of the International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers’ Unions (ICEM). The following year, Gerard co-chaired the International Metalworkers' Federation (IMF) World Aluminum Conference in Montreal, where delegates formed a global network of unions to strengthen workers' rights in the aluminum industry.

In recognition of the regional and global strategies of the USW's multinational employers, Gerard has championed strategic alliance agreements with unions throughout the world, including IG Metall, the German metalworkers' union; AWU, the Australian Workers Union; CFMEU, Australia's Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union; CNM-CUT, the largest metalworkers' union in Brazil; SNTMMSRM, the National Union of Mining, Steel and Allied Workers of the Republic of Mexico; and Amicus, the largest manufacturing union in the United Kingdom. Many more such agreements are being discussed with unions in other countries who have members in our union's core industries.

As president of the USW, Gerard was instrumental in the formation of the Industrial Union Council of the AFL-CIO, and in February 2003, was appointed to serve on the AFL-CIO's Executive Committee, as well as serving on its Executive Council. He was named Chair of the AFL-CIO's Public Policy Committee in March 2005.

Gerard also serves on the U.S. National Commission on Energy Policy and is a founding board member of the Apollo Alliance, a non-profit public policy initiative for creating good jobs in pursuit of energy independence.

Under Gerard, the USW heightened its focus on reversing the alarming decline of U.S. manufacturing and the negative impact of it on America's growing health care crisis. He has worked with equal fervor in developing strategies to inject the rights of workers into trade agreements, investment priorities and corporate governance. He has also dramatically increased participation by USW members in the political process.

Prior to his election as USW President, Gerard served as the union's International Secretary-Treasurer (1994-2001), as National Director for Canada (1991-1994), and as Director of District 6 in Ontario (1986-1991). He was appointed a USW Staff Representative in 1977.

Gerard is also the driving force behind a network of activists who are creating conceptual, financial and educational tools for capital strategies that will inject the welfare of workers into investment priorities.

Leo married his high school sweetheart, Susan, and they have two children, Kari-Ann and Meaghan, and two grandchildren, Elyssa and Liam.

Stuart G. Hoffman is senior vice president and chief economist for The PNC Financial Services Group and serves as the principal spokesperson on all economic issues for PNC. Hoffman was recognized as the second most accurate economic and interest rate forecaster for 2006 by USA Today and as the most accurate forecaster for 2004 by BusinessWeek. In addition, he was named one of the top forecasters in the Wall Street Journal economic survey covering the 1988 to 2007 period.

Hoffman joined PNC in 1980 after a six-year tenure with the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. He became vice president and senior economist for PNC in 1987 and was elected senior vice president and chief economist in 1991.

Hoffman is frequently quoted in The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times and Barron's. He is a regular guest on CNBC, Bloomberg TV and The Wall Street Journal Radio Report . He is regularly interviewed by the Associated Press and Reuter's news wire services.

Hoffman is a past president and a member of the board of directors of the National Association for Business Economics (NABE). He also serves on the board of directors of the Economic Club of Pittsburgh - the local chapter of NABE. He is past chairman of the American Bankers Economic Advisory Committee.

Hoffman is a 1971 graduate of Pennsylvania State University. He received a master's degree in 1973 and a doctorate degree in economics in 1975, both from the University of Cincinnati, where he was a Charles Phelps Taft Memorial Fellow. In 2004, the University of Cincinnati honored him as a Distinguished Alumni.